Looking at Spanish textbooks published between 2014 and 2017, Drs. Rosti Vana and Lillie Padilla studied the frequency of Afro-Latinx textual and visual references, and how they were historically and culturally portrayed. In the dozen books studied, there were only 52 textual mentions of Afro-Latinx---one of the textbooks mentioned Afro-Latinx people only once in its 500 pages.